#!/bin/sh grep '^[12][0-9]' $0; exit MINIX timeline (1961-2004) ========================== $Date: 2002/08/30 15:28:38 $$Revision: 1.63 $ Copyright (C) 2002 minix-up project. Also BSD licence. This will be updated with the advances of the other sub projects. http://minix-up.sourceforge.jp/ At a glance ------------ If you have Unix shell account, save this text, read the head carefully, then type below: $ chmod +x ./TIMELINE.txt $ ./TIMELINE.txt $ ./TIMELINE.txt | grep RELE | grep M -- You'll know what a few release information of Minix families yet! X) Points of view --------------- - Time Sharing Systems - Prototyping [-1964] - Multics project and its influence [1964-] - Origin of Unix, and its philosophy [1969-] - UNIX V7 -- A foundation of MINIX 1.0, and other Unixes [1979] - UNIX license restriction and MINIX [1984-1987] - UNIX standardization - POSIX.1 kernel interface [1988-] - The Single UNIX(R) Specification - POSIX.2 shell and utilities [1992-] - MINIX license restriction and Linux [1987-1991] - MINIX and its Folks - Intel 80386 and PC-Unix [1991-] - Personal computing and down-sizing - POSIX conformance - POSIX and MINIX 2.0 [1996-] - MINIX, its Folks, and border of the POSIX - MINIX license change [2000-] - Its direction and BSD license --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- Type: ANNO(unce) / HONO(r) / MISC(ellaneous) / PUBL(ish) / RELE(ase) [ Date ][Type][ Topic ] --------------------------------------------------------------------- 2002-01-30 ANNO: The joint revision to, POSIX(R) and the Single UNIX(R) Specification (The Open Group) http://www.unix-systems.org/version3/online.html http://www.FreeBSD.org/projects/c99/ 2001-11-30 RELE: MINIX/SH 1.1.1 (by minixsh@yahoo.co.jp) http://minixsh.tripod.co.jp/index.html 2001-11-17 RELE: MINIX/SH 1.1 (by minixsh@yahoo.co.jp) MINIX 2.0.2 based http://minixsh.tripod.co.jp/index.html 2001-10 MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu 's mirror site had been changed turing.oit.umass.edu -> minix1.bio.umass.edu http://minix1.hampshire.edu/index.html#birthday 2001-09 RELE: Minix 2.0.3 (by Kees J. Bot) "Removed: "Free for educational use" license. Added: "Free for any use" BSD style license." "The big changes appear to be improved networking and swapping." And some replacement by Minix-vmd. http://minix1.hampshire.edu/latenews.html http://minix1.hampshire.edu/ftp/minix.2.0/2.0.3/changes.txt 2001 RELE: POSIX.1-2001 ( = The Single UNIX(R) Specification, Version 3) "These volumes are also IEEE Std 1003.1-2001." http://www.unix-systems.org/version3/online.html 2000-10-22 RELE: MINIX/SH 1.0 (by minixsh@yahoo.co.jp) http://minixsh.tripod.co.jp/index.html 2000-05-07 MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu upgrade its hardware "The old 486 ..." "...this was replaced with a 100 Mhz Pentium system with 32M of RAM." "and the OS has been upgraded to Minix 2.0.2." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/latenews.html 2000-04-08 ANNO: Minix-vmd also under BSD License "The change in Minix licensing also affects Minix-vmd. " "...and any changes introduced by Philip and me were already under a BSD style license." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/faq/mxlicense.html http://minix1.hampshire.edu/faq/mxvmdlic.html 2000-04-07 ANNO: MINIX license changed ( BSD licence ) comp.os.minix, Andy Tanenbaum (ast@cs.vu.nl) "The Minix license changed in April 2000, and applies retroactively to all previous Minix distributions, even though they still carry the old, more restrictive license within. " http://groups.google.com/groups?oi=djq&selm=an_607967341 http://minix1.hampshire.edu/ftp/minix.2.0/index.html http://minix1.hampshire.edu/faq/mxlicense.html 2000-02-29 ANNO: A port of Minix for HP Jornada 680/690 (by minixsh@yahoo.co.jp) Hitachi SH7709A (SH3) 133MHz (32 bits RISC processor) http://minix1.hampshire.edu/latenews.html http://minixsh.tripod.co.jp/index.html 1999-04 RELE: A port of Minix 2.0.2 for ISICAD Prisma (by George Harvey) http://ds.dial.pipex.com/town/way/fr30/minix/index.shtml http://ds.dial.pipex.com/town/way/fr30/minix/porting.shtml "I hope that the patches may be of use to people who are porting Minix to other 680x0 based platforms." 1999-02-08 RELE: Minix select() patches for Minix 2.0.2 (by George Harvey) "This has been updated for Minix 2.0.2 and extended to support the INET network interface." http://ds.dial.pipex.com/town/way/fr30/minix/porting.shtml http://ds.dial.pipex.com/town/way/fr30/minix/downloads/contents.shtml 1999-01-01 RELE: Minix 2.0.2 (by Kees J. Bot) "Its major features are the Minix under DOS option, allowing one to start Minix from MS-DOS, and improved networking support, including support for multiple network interfaces." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/latenews.html ftp://minix1.hampshire.edu/pub/minix.2.0/2.0.2/fixes/fix-readclock http://www.cs.vu.nl/pub/minix/2.0.2/changes-2.0.2 1998-12 MISC: Minix 2.0.2 (interim??) "This server is now running Minix 2.0.2, released in December 1998. " "minix1.hampshire.edu is now (2001-01-06) running Minix 2.0.2, 32-bit (i386) for about four years." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/minix1.html 1999-12-30 MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu had a mirror site "Its availability (as turing.oit.umass.edu) was announced..." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/minix1bio.html 1999-11 MISC: xMach project started http://www.xmach.org/about.html 1998-10-17 MISC: Minix/X68K patch for Minix 2.0.0 (by Katsunori Suzuki) * Minix 2.0.0, from the book's cd-rom http://www.fsinet.or.jp/~suzu-kat/minix/2.0.0/index.html (Japanese) 1998-07-20 RELE: Minix/X68k 1.6.25 (by Katsunori Suzuki) * Minix/X68k 1.5.10 + 1.6.25 patch for IBM-PC + 1.6.25 patch for ATARI-ST * tools directory is yet only based 1.5.10 http://www.fsinet.or.jp/~suzu-kat/minix/index.html 1998-07-01 ANNO: MINIX 2.0 on the HP200LX Palmtop (by Dr. Richard L. Dubs) http://minix1.hampshire.edu/latenews.html http://users.erols.com/rld/ 1998-05-08 ANNO: DOS-Minix testing (by Kees J. Bot) "Minix 2.0.1 from MS-DOS! Run Minix using MS-DOS file system" http://minix1.hampshire.edu/latenews.html http://www.cs.vu.nl/pub/kjb/dostest/ 1998-04 RELE: Minix/V (Kanji Console) for Minix 2.0.0 (by Katsuya Iida) Updated from Minix/V for Minix 1.7.0 http://www-tokuda.cs.titech.ac.jp/~katsuya/minix/README (Japanese) 1998 MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu had a mirror site 'turing.oit.umass.edu' "It is located at Al Woodhull's place of work in (*snip*) University of Massachusetts at Amherst." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/index.html#birthday http://minix1.hampshire.edu/minix1bio.html 1998 HONO: National Medal of Technology (Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie) For creating the UNIX operating system and C Language. http://www.bell-labs.com/history/heritage/awards.html#nms 1997-05 PUBL: "The Cathedral and the Bazaar" (by Eric Steven Raymond) "First official presentation at the Linux Kongress." http://www.tuxedo.org/~esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/cathedral-bazaar/ 1997-03 RELE: FreeBSD 2.2 (by FreeBSD Project) "Code taken from 4.4lite2" http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/freebsd 1997-02 MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu upgrade its hardware "... it was upgraded to a 33Mhz 486 with 8M of RAM." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/minix1.html 1997 PUBL: "Operating Systems- Design and Implementation Second Edition" (by Andrew S. Tanenbaum and Albert S. Woodhull) "In January 1997 we had a party to celebrate the publication of the book. " http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/tanenbaum/chapter0/ ent.htmlhttp://vig.prenhall.com/catalog/academic/product/1,4096,0136386776,00.html http://minix1.hampshire.edu/osdi2/index.html http://minix1.hampshire.edu/asw/pix/cut_out.jpg 1996-10 RELE: Minix version 2.0 "... is a modern POSIX-compliant version with network support." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/minix1.html 1996-03-29 MISC: Last Release of Mach4 from Utah http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/mach4/html/Mach4-proj.html 1996-02 RELE: MINIX for X68000 (by whom???) "May I introduce these changes by me, into Minix/X68k released 1996/02"(<- translation) http://www.ai.is.uec.ac.jp/u/kat/minix.html (Japanese) 1996-02 MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu had WWW site "Minix 1.7.0 on an 80386" http://minix1.hampshire.edu/index.html#birthday 1995-11-28 RELE: MacMinix 1.5.10.7 put/moved into the ftp site. "Seriously, we have not been able to find or contact the original developers!" http://www.cs.vu.nl/pub/minix/macintosh/ http://www.pliner.com/macminix/ 1995-10-04 RELE: OpenBSD beggining (by Theo de Raadt, NetBSD Project) "Code taken from netbsd0.9" http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/openbsd http://www.theos.com/deraadt/coremail 1995-07-18 MISC: "Heads the effort to create the Plan 9 operating system" (Dennis Ritchie) 'The Plan 9 operating system, named for the science-fiction cult movie "Plan 9 From Outer Space," was designed by the inventors of the UNIX(R) system...' http://www.lucent.com/press/0795/950718.bla.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/ritchiebio.html 1995-01 RELE: FreeBSD 2.0 (by FreeBSD Project) "Code taken from 4.4lite" http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/freebsd 1994-12-20 MISC: Start creating the OpenBSD project http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/openbsd http://www.theos.com/deraadt/coremail 1994-11-12 RELE: 386BSD 1.0 (by William and Lynne Jolitz) http://www.386bsd.org/ http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/386bsd http://www.jp.netbsd.org/Misc/history.html http://www.jp.netbsd.org/ja/Misc/history.html (Japanese) 1994-10 MISC: CMU stoped development work on Mach OS Kernel "Development work on Mach is also continuing at the Open Software foundation, University of Utah's Flexmach project, Helsinki University of Technology's LITES system and the Free Software Foundation's HURD system. " http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/mach/public/www/status.html 1994?? MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu upgrade its hardware?? "Minix1 was originally set up on a 386 with 2M of RAM in early 1994." http://minix1.hampshire.edu/minix1.html 1994-04 MISC: minix1.hampshire.edu began operation (anonymous ftp only) "Minix 1.5 on an 80286 system" 'The oldest web site based upon standard Minix' http://minix1.hampshire.edu/index.html#birthday 1994 HONO: Winner of the 1994 ACM Karl V. Karlstrom Outstanding Educator Award (Andrew S. Tanenbaum) http://www.acm.org/awards/kvk_citations/tanenbaum.html 199? MISC: Flame war "FreeBSD or Linux" 'From time to time, a thread in both the comp.os.386bsd.misc and comp.os.linux.misc groups flares up regarding which operating system is "better", FreeBSD or Linux.' http://cynjut.neonramp.com/FAQ_00 1993-11-01 RELE: FreeBSD 1.0 (by ??) ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/misc/release/NetBSD/NetBSD-0.8 (text) 1993-04-21 RELE: NetBSD 0.8 (by Chris G. Demetriou, comp.os.386bsd.misc) "NetBSD is a new system, based heavily on 386BSD 0.1, with many improvements over 386BSD 0.1, and with different goals than those which are espoused by the principal developers of 386BSD. NetBSD, as the name implies, is a creation of the members of the network community and without the net, it's likely that this release wouldn't have come about." ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/misc/release/NetBSD/NetBSD-0.8 (text) http://www.netbsd.org/Changes/changes-0.8.html "NetBSD developers started with the existing 386BSD files, and compared them to the unencumbered, freely releasable files from BSD 4.4. " http://cynjut.neonramp.com/FAQ_00 1993 HONO: Fellow of the ACM (Andrew S. Tanenbaum) http://www.acm.org/awards/fellows_citations_n-z/tanenbau.html 1992-11-03 MISC: Minix 1.6.25 was put on Minix-vmd site? http://www.Minix-vmd.org/source/std/1.6.25/include/sys/ 1992-07-14 RELE: 386BSD 0.1 (by William and Lynne Jolitz) "CD distributions only" "These files are the primary reason you won't find the original 386BSD Version 0.1 available for FTP anymore." http://cynjut.neonramp.com/FAQ_00 1992-06 RELE: 386BSD 0.0 (by William and Lynne Jolitz) http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?386BSD http://cynjut.neonramp.com/FAQ.html ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 1992-01-29 MISC: "LINUX is obsolete"(Andy Tanenbaum, comp.os.minix) http://www.dina.dk/~abraham/Linus_vs_Tanenbaum.html http://www2.educ.umu.se/~bjorn/mhonarc-files/obsolete/ http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/doc/talks/linuxvfs/tsld006.htm http://www.xach.com/linux_is_obsolete.html http://alge.anart.no/linux/history/linux_is_obsolete.txt http://www.kde.org/food/linux_is_obsolete.html Japanese Translation: http://www.law.co.jp/okamura/OpenSource_Web_Version/appen_A/appen_A.html 1992-01? RELE: BSD/386 0.3.1 (by CSRG, UCB) * BSD/OS in the future http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/bsdi 1992 RELE: POSIX.2 established "POSIX.2-1992 shell and utilities Solaris 2.5" http://www.sunspot.noao.edu/cgi-bin-local/man-cgi?POSIX.2+5 http://www.ecn.bris.ac.uk/cgi-bin/man2html?standards%5B5%5D 1991-10-05 RELE: Freax 0.02 (by Linus Tobalds, comp.os.minix) "Free minix-like kernel sources for 386-AT" "It is just version 0.02, but I've successfully run bash/gcc/gnu-make/gnu-sed/compress etc under it. " "These sources still need minix-386 to be compiled (and gcc-1.40, possibly 1.37.1, haven't tested), and you need minix to set it up if you want to run it, so it is not yet a standalone system for those of you without minix." http://www.linuxvalley.it/startgrid/linus1stemail.php http://ragib.hypermart.net/linux/ (included) 1991?? RELE: Freax 0.02 was put into ftp server, with directory named "Linux" (by Ari Lemmke, created long ago) "I originally intended it to be called freax" "(freax is obviosly free + freak + the obligatory -x)" "But arl called the linux directory at nic.funet.fi pub/OS/Linux, and the name stuck. Maybe just as well: freax doesn't sound too good either" "It's partly due to minix: linux was just my working name for the thing, and as I wrote it to replace minix on my system, the result is what it is... linus' minix became linux." http://home.ins.de/~m.hussmann/linux/linux.faq.nov.1992.html http://hotwired.lycos.com/collections/hacking_warez/5.08_linux3.html http://www.funet.fi/~arl/ 1991-09-17 MISC: The kernel version 0.01 compiled ( in minix 1.5.10 + 386 patch ) http://www.vision25.demon.co.uk/prog/linuxbirthday.html http://www.linux10.org/history/ http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/linux 1991-08-25 ANNO: Yet another free operating system for 386 (by Linus Benedict Torvalds, University of Helsinki, comp.os.minix) * It is NOT protable (uses 386 task switching etc) * multi-threaded fs ("it probably never will support anything other than AT-harddisks") * ported bash(1.08) and gcc(1.40) "In its very early days, Linux was cross-developed under the Minix operating system" (It's not standard minix, it's Minix with 386 patch) http://ragib.hypermart.net/linux/ http://www.thestandard.com/article/0,1902,9457,00.html http://www.chipcenter.com/eexpert/gdorman/gdorman057-3.html http://www.linuxbeginner.org/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=21 http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1507000/1507326.stm http://mm.iit.uni-miskolc.hu/Data/texts/Linux/SAG/node76.html 1991-07-03 MISC: Working in minix, for a project (by Linus Benedict Torvalds) http://www.unix-wizards.com/linux-history.html http://alge.anart.no/unix/history/linux-history (the same) http://www.univ.com.br/ACMM/Diversos/ExploDer/linux_manifesto.htm 1991-01-02 MISC: Story about Japan & Amoeba, etc (MINIX-L) http://listserv.nodak.edu/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind9101a&L=minix-l&D=0&O=D&P=612 1991-01-01 MISC: MINIX-L (list for MINIX) started, with MINIX 1.5 information sheet "It runs on the IBM PC, XT, AT, PS/2, 386, and most clones." "Versions are also available for the Atari ST, Macintosh, and Amiga." http://listserv.nodak.edu/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind9101a&L=minix-l&O=D&P=61 1991 MISC: Latest work for MacMinix 1.5, by Plentice-Hall Inc.(See animated GIF) (Maybe, Minix 1.5.10.1 .. 1.5.10.7 was released in 1991) http://www.geocities.co.jp/SiliconValley-Cupertino/4427/macminix.htm http://www.geocities.co.jp/SiliconValley-Cupertino/4427/boot.gif 1990-12-?? MISC: Talks about MacMinix 1.5 (MINIX-L) "Santa brought me Minix 1.5 for the Amiga this Christmas. " "Last week my copy of MacMinix 1.5 finally arrived from P-H" http://listserv.nodak.edu/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind9101a&L=minix-l&D=0&O=D&P=701 http://listserv.nodak.edu/scripts/wa.exe?A2=ind9101a&L=minix-l&D=0&O=D&P=1534 1990-04-21 MISC: Minix 1.5 was put on Minix-vmd site? "MINIX 1.5 is an intermediate form:it still supports the V7 system calls and has a Kernighan and Ritchie C compiler, but virtually all the individual files are ANSI C conformant (and also K&R conformant)." http://www.Minix-vmd.org/source/std/1.5/include/sys/ (see time-stamp) http://www.pliner.com/macminix/documentation/intro.pdf 1990 MISC: The MINIX development project (by Scott Larribeau) http://www.csc.calpoly.edu/projects/theses.html 1990 MISC: Latest work for Minix 1.5, by Plentice-Hall Inc. (See animated GIF) http://www.geocities.co.jp/SiliconValley-Cupertino/4427/macminix.htm http://www.geocities.co.jp/SiliconValley-Cupertino/4427/boot.gif 1990 ANNO: Porting the Minix Operating System to the Leopard-1 Workstation (David Bover, Graeme Doherty, Matthew Donaldson, Gordon Irlam & Jeremy Webber, The University of Adelaide) http://www.base.com/gordoni/minix-port.html 1990 RELE: POSIX.1 updated "POSIX.1-1990 POSIX.1-1988 update Solaris 2.0" http://www.sunspot.noao.edu/cgi-bin-local/man-cgi?POSIX.1+5 http://www.cs.bgu.ac.il/cgi-bin/man-cgi?POSIX.1+5 http://www.ecn.bris.ac.uk/cgi-bin/man2html?standards%5B5%5D 1989 PUBL: "The C Programming Language, ANSI C Edition" (by K&R) http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/textbooks/booksearch/isbninquiry.asp?isbn=0131103628 1989 HONO: C&C Prize (Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie, awarded by the NEC Corporation) "For creating the UNIX operating system and C Language." * C&C = Computers and Communication) http://www.bell-labs.com/history/heritage/awards.html#nms http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/ritchiebio.html <- see below 1972?? 1988 PUBL: "The C Programming Language, Second Edition" (by K&R) (Brian W. Kernighan, Dennis M. Ritchie, known as K&R) http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/cbook/index.html 1988 RELE: POSIX.1 estabished (IEEE Std 1003.1-1988) "POSIX.1-1988 system interfaces and headers SunOS 4.1" http://www.sunspot.noao.edu/cgi-bin-local/man-cgi?POSIX.1+5 http://www.cs.bgu.ac.il/cgi-bin/man-cgi?POSIX.1+5 http://www.ecn.bris.ac.uk/cgi-bin/man2html?standards%5B5%5D http://standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/std_public/description/posix/ 1987-01 PUBL: "Operating Systems - Design and Implementation (1st Edition, by Andrew S. Tanenbaum)" http://minix1.hampshire.edu/osdi2/index.html http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0136374069/ 1987-01 RELE: "MINIX -- which stands for Mini-UNIX" (by Andrew S. Tanenbaum) "Mini 1.0 resembled the 7th Edition UNIX of the early 1980s" "for the IBM PC and PC/AT only" "MINIX was originally written to be system call compatible with V7 UNIX," "Early versions of Minix were similar to the ATT UNIX 7th Edition in its operation, although quite different internally." "The platform Andy used was PC/IX, UNIX on the 8088 written by ISC for IBM." http://cwx.prenhall.com/bookbind/pubbooks/tanenbaum/chapter0/custom4/deluxe-content.html http://www.pliner.com/macminix/documentation/intro.pdf (PDF) http://minix1.hampshire.edu/minix1.html http://www.kclug.org/old_archives/linux-activists/1992/mar/0/0116.shtml http://www.kclug.org/old_archives/linux-activists/1992/mar/0/0128.shtml http://www.kclug.org/old_archives/linux-activists/1992/mar/0/0131.shtml 1985 MISC: "Work on the Mach operating system was started" (at CMU) http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs.cmu.edu/project/mach/public/www/overview.html 1984 MISC: AT&T "obtains the right to enter the computer business" http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/business.html http://www.dimi.uniud.it/~miculan/Didattica/SistOp/unix-history.html 1983-06 PUBL: "The C Programming Language, Digital Equipment Corporation Edition" (by K&R) (Brian W. Kernighan, Dennis M. Ritchie, known as K&R) http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0131099507/ 1983 MISC: Bjarne Stroustrup develops the first version of C++ http://www.research.att.com/history/83cplus.html http://www.research.att.com/info/Innovators/bs http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/blcontributions.html 1983 HONO: Bell Labs Fellow ( Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie ) http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/thompsonbio.html 1981 RELE: UNIX System III (Commercial) http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/versions.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/blcontributions.html 1980-04 RELE: 2.79BSD (by ??) "Note: 2.79 doesn't have any AT&T UNIX source code in it." http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/2bsd 1980-03?? RELE: 3BSD (by ??) 1979?? RELE: 3BSD (by ??) "This intelligent memory management convinced the DARPA (Defence Advanced Research Projects Agency) to fund the Berkeley Team for the later development of a standard UNIX system." http://www.fht-esslingen.de/studentisches/Computer_Geschichte/grp5/bsd_team.html http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/4bsd 1979-09 MISC: Language Design and Programming Methodology conference (Sydney, Australia) http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html 1979-01 RELE: UNIX Seventh Edition "first portable UNIX" http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/research ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree (text) 1979 MISC: Innovation of DSP (Digital Signal Processor) http://www.bell-labs.com/history/75/changedworld.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/75/timeline.html 1978-03-09 RELE: 1BSD(Berkeley Software Distribution) ( by ?? , UCB ) http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/2bsd 1978 PUBL: "The C Programming Language" (1st Edition, by K&R) (Brian W. Kernighan, Dennis M. Ritchie, known as K&R) http://shop.barnesandnoble.com/textbooks/booksearch/isbninquiry.asp?isbn=0131103628 1977 RELE: Mini-UNIX ( is not MINIX ) "Mini-UNIX is a very cut-down 6th Edition that ran on PDP-11s without memory management." http://minnie.tuhs.org/UnixTree/MiniUnix/ http://minnie.tuhs.org/PUPS/node6.html 1975-1976? MISC: Kenneth Thompson went back to Berkelay 1976-1977? MISC: Kenneth Thompson went back to Berkelay "to teach as a visiting professor at the Computer Science Department at the University of California-Berkeley (UCB). What he taught, of course, was the UNIX system. http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/sharing.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/thompsonbio.html 1975 MISC: USENIX started http://www.usenix.org/about/ 1975-05 RELE: UNIX 6th Edition (v6, Bell Labs) "Western Electric, the predecessor organization to Lucent Technologies, begins external licensing of UNIX." "UNIX had been distributed via academic licenses, which were relatively inexpensive, and government and commercial licenses from about 1975" http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/sharing.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/blcontributions.html http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/research http://www.fht-esslingen.de/studentisches/Computer_Geschichte/grp5/sixth_ve.html 1973-11 RELE: UNIX 4th Edition (v4, Bell Labs) "Perhaps the most important watershed occurred during 1973, when the operating system kernel was rewritten in C. It was at this point that the system assumed its modern form; the most far-reaching change was the introduction of multi-programming. http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/research 1972 MISC: The C programming language was established ( by Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie ) http://www.bell-labs.com/history/75/timeline.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/75/changedworld.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/blcontributions.html 1973?? 1971-11-03 RELE: UNIX 1st Edition (v1, Bell Labs) "This version was used for text processing and ran on a PDP-11/20." http://www.fht-esslingen.de/studentisches/Computer_Geschichte/grp5/first_ve.html http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/research 1971 MISC: "Moves UNIX from the PDP-7 to the PDP-11 (by Kenneth Thompson)" http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/thompsonbio.html 1971 MISC: Work began on what was to become the C language http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/btoc.html 1969 MISC: The name suggested "Unix" ( by Brian Kernighan ) http://www.fht-esslingen.de/studentisches/Computer_Geschichte/grp5/unix_des.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/almost.html 1969-09 MISC: UNIX was born (PDP-7 version, by Kenneth Thompson and Dennis Ritchie ) "Structurally, the file system of PDP-7 UNIX was nearly identical to today's. It had..." "Every program for the original PDP-7 UNIX system was written in assembly language" http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/research http://www.bell-labs.com/history/75/timeline.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/75/changedworld.html 1969 MISC: Withdrawal of the Bell Labs from the Multics project "For computer science at Bell Laboratories, the period 1968-1969 was somewhat unsettled." http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/chaos.html http://www.fht-esslingen.de/studentisches/Computer_Geschichte/grp5/first_st.html 1968 MISC: Dennis Ritchie joins the team working on Multics http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/ritchiebio.html 1967 MISC: Dennis Ritchie joins Bell Labs "completes work on his doctorate at Harvard" http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/thompsonbio.html http://www.dimi.uniud.it/~miculan/Didattica/SistOp/unix-history.html 1968?? 1966 MISC: Kenneth Thompson joins Bell Labs, working on the Multics "finishes studies at University of California at Berkeley (UCB)" http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/thompsonbio.html http://www.dimi.uniud.it/~miculan/Didattica/SistOp/unix-history.html 1965? MISC: Try to develop 'Mutltics' (by BTL, GE, MIT) "The development of the system was undertaken as a cooperative effort involving the Bell Telephone Laboratories (from 1965 to 1969), the computer department of the General Electric Company, and Project MAC of M.I.T." http://www.multicians.org/f7y.html http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/chaos.html 1964? MISC: Try to develop 'Mutltics' (by BTL, GE) "Bell Labs, MIT and General Electric try to develop the Multiplexed Information and Computing Service (Multics), as a successor to BESYS (Bell Operating System) and the Compatible Time-Sharing Service (CTSS) system of MIT." http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/blcontributions.html http://www.multicians.org/history.html 1961 MISC: The Compatible Timesharing System (MIT Computation Center) "CTSS was first demonstrated in 1961 on the IBM 709" http://www.multicians.org/history.html http://www.multicians.org/f7y.html --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- References =========== MINIX Stuff ----------- Andrew S. Tanenbaum (Vrije Universiteit) http://www.cs.vu.nl/~ast/ Albert S. Woodhull (University of Massachusetts) http://minix1.hampshire.edu/asw/index.html (old) http://www-unix.oit.umass.edu/~woodhull/ (new) MINIX INFORMATION SHEET (about 2.0, Maintained by Andy Tanenbaum) http://www.cs.vu.nl/~ast/minix.html MINIX (distributing standard MINIXes, from 1.5 to the latest) http://www.cs.vu.nl/pub/minix/ MINIX1.HAMPSHIRE.EDU (by Albert S. Woodhull, 1996-) http://minix1.hampshire.edu/ MINIX-L: Archives of MINIX-L@LISTSERV.NODAK.EDU (1991-) http://listserv.nodak.edu/scripts/wa.exe?A0=minix-l&D=0&O=D Minix, uClinux and Linux on the ISICAD Prisma (by George Harvey) http://ds.dial.pipex.com/town/way/fr30/index.shtml MINIX on the HP200LX Palmtop (by Dr. Richard L. Dubs, 1998) http://users.erols.com/rld/ MINIX for X68k (by Katsunori Suzuki, 1996-1998) http://www.ai.is.uec.ac.jp/u/kat/minix.html (Japanese) Minix/X68k (by suzu-kat@fsinet.or.jp, -1998) http://www.fsinet.or.jp/~suzu-kat/minix/ Porting the Minix Operating System to the Leopard-1 Workstation (David Bover, Graeme Doherty, Matthew Donaldson, Gordon Irlam & Jeremy Webber, The University of Adelaide, 1990) http://www.base.com/gordoni/minix-port.html Brad Pliner's MacMinix Page http://www.pliner.com/macminix/ MacMinix Documentation (PDF, Plentice-Hall, maybe 1991) http://www.pliner.com/macminix/documentation/ MacMinix On G3 PAGE - and gif movies (by takanoshin@geocities.co.jp, maybe 2001) http://www.geocities.co.jp/SiliconValley-Cupertino/4427/macminix.htm Minix/V (Kanji Console) for Minix 2.0.0 (by Katsuya Iida, 1998) http://www-tokuda.cs.titech.ac.jp/~katsuya/minix/README NetNews / E-mail resource ------------------------- Subject: So you say you want an interim release of 386bsd? (by Chris G. Demetriou, comp.os.386bsd.announce, comp.unix.bsd,comp.os.386bsd.misc, 1993-04-19) ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/misc/release/NetBSD/NetBSD-0.8 Subject: Birthday (by Linus Benedict Torvalds, 1992-07-31) http://alge.anart.no/unix/history/linux-history http://www.unix-wizards.com/linux-history.html Subject: LINUX is obsolete (by Andy Tanenbaum, 1992-01-29) http://www.dina.dk/~abraham/Linus_vs_Tanenbaum.html http://www2.educ.umu.se/~bjorn/mhonarc-files/obsolete/ http://www.coda.cs.cmu.edu/doc/talks/linuxvfs/tsld006.htm http://www.xach.com/linux_is_obsolete.html http://alge.anart.no/linux/history/linux_is_obsolete.txt http://www.kde.org/food/linux_is_obsolete.html Japanese Translation: http://www.law.co.jp/okamura/OpenSource_Web_Version/appen_A/appen_A.html Subject: Free minix-like kernel sources for 386-AT (by Linus Benedict Torvalds, comp.os.minix, 1991-10-05) http://www.linuxvalley.it/startgrid/linus1stemail.php http://ragib.hypermart.net/linux/ (included) Subject: What would you like to see most in minix? (by Linus Benedict Torvalds, comp.os.minix, 1991-08-25) http://www.chipcenter.com/eexpert/gdorman/gdorman057-3.html http://ragib.hypermart.net/linux/ (included) http://www.linux10.org/history/ (included) Linux Stuff ----------- 'OpenSources: Voices from the Open Source Revolution' Online (Edited by Chris DiBona, Sam Ockman, Mark Stone, 1999-01) http://www.oreilly.com/catalog/opensources/book/toc.html http://www.law.co.jp/okamura/OpenSource_Web_Version/Web_version991206.html (Japanese translation) # Appendix A 'The Tanenbaum-Torvalds Debate' describes 'LINUX is obsolete' History of Linux (by Ragib Hasan, -2000) http://ragib.hypermart.net/linux/ Linux10: Linux History http://www.linux10.org/history/ Linux FAQ Nov 1992 (Since 1992-09) http://home.ins.de/~m.hussmann/linux/linux.faq.nov.1992.html A Brief History of Linux (by Annalee Newitz, TheStandard.com, 2000) http://www.thestandard.com/article/0,1902,9457,00.html History of Linux filesystems (by Andrew Anderson, 1996) (A part of 'Design and Implementation of the Second Extended Filesystem') http://mm.iit.uni-miskolc.hu/Data/texts/Linux/SAG/node76.html Linux: In the beginning.. (by Z3K3, unknown) http://www.linuxbeginner.org/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=21 Happy birthday Linux (BBC NEWS, 2001) http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1507000/1507326.stm The Greatest OS That (N)ever Was (by By Glyn Moody, Wired magazine, Aug 1997) http://hotwired.lycos.com/collections/hacking_warez/5.08_linux1.html LINUX manifesto (BOOT Magazine, Sept. 1998) http://www.univ.com.br/ACMM/Diversos/ExploDer/linux_manifesto.htm Kansas City Linux User Group - Historical linux kernel archives (1991-1993) http://www.kclug.org/old_archives/ The Home Page of arl at ftp.funet.fi http://www.funet.fi/~arl/ UNIX backgrounds ---------------- Mail archive of Theo De Raadt and the NetBSD core (1994-1995) http://www.theos.com/deraadt/coremail The History of the NetBSD Project http://www.jp.netbsd.org/Misc/history.html http://www.jp.netbsd.org/ja/Misc/history.html (Japanese) The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD (Family tree & Timeline) ftp://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree 386bsd.org (You can see the packages of 386BSD here) http://www.386bsd.org/ 386BSD from FOLDOC (Free On-Line Dictionary Of Computing) http://wombat.doc.ic.ac.uk/foldoc/foldoc.cgi?386BSD 386BSD, NetBSD, and FreeBSD FAQ http://cynjut.neonramp.com/FAQ.html University of California, Berkeley (1868-) http://www.berkeley.edu/ xMach.org (by xMach group, 1999-) http://www.xmach.org/ The Mach 4 Project (Flex/Mach project, University of Utah, -1996) http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/mach4/html/Mach4-proj.html CMU CS Project Mach (Carnegie Mellon University, 1985-1994) http://www-2.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/project/mach/public/www/mach.html UNIX ON-LINE Man Pages (Solaris) http://www.sunspot.noao.edu/cgi-bin-local/man-cgi SunOS 5.6 Manual Pages (Online) http://www.ecn.bris.ac.uk/cgi-bin/man2html AT&T Labs-Research History http://www.research.att.com/history/ The Unix Heritage Society http://www.tuhs.org/ The Unix Tree (Old version's source/manuals) http://minnie.tuhs.org/UnixTree/ PDP Unix Preservation Society http://minnie.tuhs.org/PUPS/ UNIX History Graphing Project http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/ USENIX (1975-) http://www.usenix.org/about/ The History of Computers http://www.fht-esslingen.de/studentisches/Computer_Geschichte/ UNIX Chronology (timeline) http://www.dimi.uniud.it/~miculan/Didattica/SistOp/unix-history.html The Evolution of the Unix Time-sharing System (Dennis M. Ritchie, 1979-1984) http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/hist.html The Creation of the UNIX* Operating System (Bell Labs) http://www.bell-labs.com/history/unix/ Multics History http://www.multicians.org/history.html Multics--The first seven years (by F. J. CORBATƒ‚ and J. H. SALTZER, MIT, and C. T. CLINGEN, Honeywell Information Systems Inc. ) http://www.multicians.org/f7y.html Other organizations ------------------- IEEE (Eye-triple-E, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.,) "The IEEE and its predecessors, the AIEE (American Institute of Electrical Engineers) and the IRE (Institute of Radio Engineers), date to 1884." http://www.ieee.org/about/whatis/ ACM (Association for Computing Machinery, founded in 1947,) "ACM is the world's oldest and largest educational and scientific computing society" http://www.acm.org/about_acm/ Booksellers ----------- Prentice-Hall, Inc. (unknown) http://www.prenhall.com http://www.pearson.com/aboutus/history.htm Amazon.com (online, 1995-) http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/subst/misc/company-info.html Barnes & Noble.com (online, 1997-) http://www.barnesandnoble.com/help/a_bn_com.asp --------------------------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------- * 'UNIX'(all-upper-case) is a registered trademark of The Open Group. see http://www.unix-systems.org/trademark.html